Diphtheria Spreads, Kills 40 In Nigeria
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has reported 216 cases of diphtheria in the country, with 40 deaths in the fifth week of this year.
The agency said that the cases were reported in four states: Kano (211), Yobe (two), Lagos (two), and Osun (two).
Majority of the deaths were recorded in Kano State (38), while Lagos State recorded two deaths, according to the agency.
The NCDC’s report on cholera also showed that from January 2 to 29, 2023, a total of 429 cholera cases were recorded from 11 states, with 17 deaths in four states.
The deaths were recorded in Cross River (seven), Ebonyi (five), Niger (two), and Abia (three) states.
The states with the 429 confirmed cases of cholera are, Cross River (242), Ebonyi (86), Niger (38), Abia (35), Ondo (10), Katsina (five), Bayelsa (five), Sokoto (three), Zamfara (three), Osun (one), and Kano (one).
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
Speaking during a webinar on Monday, with the theme: Diphtheria Outbreak in Nigeria: A Case of Re-Emergence or Improved Surveillance, the Lead of the Diphtheria/Pertussis Technical Working Group at the NCDC, Dr. Bola Lawal, said the agency was supporting the response activities in Kano, Lagos, Yobe, Osun, Yobe, and Katsina states.
Lawal also said of the 216 confirmed cases of diphtheria, 27 were fully vaccinated, 84 were unvaccinated, and 20 were partly vaccinated.
He said, “Kano State has recorded 396 suspected cases with 211 confirmed cases; Yobe State has recorded 78 suspected cases with two confirmed cases; Katsina has 34 suspected cases but no confirmed case yet; Lagos has recorded 14 suspected cases and two confirmed cases; Osun has one confirmed case so far.
“We have also recorded 40 deaths with a case fatality rate of 18.5 percent. Of the 216 confirmed cases, 184 (85.2 percent) were aged two to 14 years from both sexes.”
Noting there was low immunisation for the pentavalent vaccine, poor surveillance and limited laboratory capacity to properly diagnose the disease,the agency added that it was supporting intensified activities to conduct routine immunisation among children under two years, particularly in Kano State.
The agency said there have been harmonisation of surveillance and laboratory data from across states and laboratories with the sensitisation/training of clinical and surveillance officers on the presentation, prevention, and surveillance for diphtheria in states where rapid response teams were deployed.
Dr. Ifedayo Adetifa, NCDC’s Director General, said: “Surveillance is everybody’s responsibility; it is not just enough to see. If you see something suspicious, report it to your local government, report to NCDC, and then they can investigate.”
On the cholera situation across the country, the NCDC reported, “Six states – Cross River (242 cases), Ebonyi (86 cases), Niger (38 cases), Abia (35 cases), and Ondo (10 cases) account for 96 per cent of all cumulative cases.
“Fifteen local government areas (LGAs) across nine states: Ebonyi (four), Cross River (three), Ondo (two), Bayelsa (one), Abia (one), Katsina (one), Sokoto (one) Niger (one) and Zamfara (one), reported more than five cases each this year. The National multi-sectoral Cholera Technical Working Group (TWG) continues to monitor response across states,” it added.